@article{oai:soar-ir.repo.nii.ac.jp:00011180,
 author = {松村,  哲也},
 journal = {信州大学農学部演習林報告},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {In the initial period when High Performance Forestry Equipment (HPFE) was first being introduced, the public hope was for volume production of wood products. However, at present the social environment is quite different from those days. If we consider in these modern times of new social background, HPFE and their use form basic technology which allows the maintenance of healthy forests for future generations, there is great need to re-evaluate the capabilities of these HPFE to evaluate whether or not needs of modern society are being met. When making such an evaluation, we need not only good performance data taken under ideal conditions, but also must consider the demerits of sometimes hidden or unclear information such as that related to mechanical failure as well as usual expenses for equipment maintenance. Through this research including employing methods such as conducting surveys at logging sites, hearing information directly from forestry workers, collecting opinions via interview and questionnaire, and after having looked at actual working conditions in the field and gaining a clear understanding of actual conditions I was able to consider methods for the effective use of HPFE. In order to clarify the popularity of the HPFE in present Japan, historic records of Japanese forestry companies were investigated with regard to their utilization of such equipment. Distribution, type of machinery, combination of type and number of machines maintained were investigated. As a result, it was discovered that the Hokkaido region has the greatest number companies utilizing HPFE. It was also found that the Central Japan region known as Chugoku-Shikoku has a high concentration of Grapple-Loader (GP) and Grapple-Saw (GS) users. In this region the shift towards use of heavier equipment has been made, and next step would seem to be towards use of HPFE. In this case GP and GS are not treated as HPFE. However their current use shows that arge-scale mechanization is already advanced in the Chugoku-Shikoku region and the transition toward increased HPFE use should come soon. As a result of investigating cases where companies possessed a combination of HPFE types, the following was discovered: 54% of all companies have only one type of HPFE and about 31% have two types. Next, interviews were conducted and questionnaires filled out with regard to actual usage of HPFE and their effect. HPFE operator-trainees, experienced operators and managers of forestry companies utilizing HPFE were queried. Their responses contained many useful suggestions and information, which often does not come out on the surface easily. For example, it was learned that the use of new technology such as HPFE is effective in recruiting new employees, and necessity of maintenance of cash reserves for unexpected machine trouble. To clarify in more detail the risks and costs associated with running HPFE, the operation records of 13 processors were examined. The Miyazaki Prefecture Forestry Mechanization Center owns these processors and lends them to forestry companies around the area. Data recorded from the date of each individual machine introduction includes content of repair work, the reason for breaking down, and repair fee, etc. Through collection of this data, totals for cost of maintenance, repair of unexpected machine problems, and other costs associated with the normal use of HPFE were understood. As a result, the high occurrence of cases where light repair not requiring highly trained individual became evident. Here I looked at the trend toward self-repair by the end user resulting in an overall increase in efficiency resulting in a total cost reduction. On a different note, it was also noted that large-sized forestry machinery such as harvesters and processors are commonly painted in easily visible colors such as yellow, orange or red. The adoption of such colors is effective as a passive safety policy. It was also learned that with colors such as forest green, wood brown and sky blue, there is a possibility of less than suitable levels of differentiation between that of the machine color and those colors found in the surrounding area and in the finish of other equipment, etc. There, I gave consideration to the idea that, even in cases of color blindness or weakness, as a method to avoid loss of color effect, incorporating into the paint job an achromatic white with good separation between other colors as a boundary color (for example white between red or green). It is desirable that sufficient color differentiation is possible. This method of creating visibly recognizable boundaries is effective to transform existing exterior machinery color design into one with less visual barriers for the person needing to differentiate the potentially dangerous equipment from the surrounding environment. At the same time, the potential was shown for expanding and improving function machinery as a result of adding to or easy low-cost improvement of existing equipment (for example, by repainting) that until present had less than sufficient function. Finally, with survey results and other data serving as a basis, causes of common failures often seen in connection with modern forest industry mechanization and the (resulting) necessity for risk management were considered. As a result of this research and as one recommendation based therein, the foundation of a place where consumers and manufactures are able to freely exchange information, such as details of trouble experience, ideas for repairing and improvement, is proposed. My second proposal is for the promotion of better consumer selection of appropriate multifunctional machinery, and for increased emphasis on manufacturer development of a wider variety of multifunctional equipment to satisfy market needs. Also, another concrete strategy I recommend is the promotion of small improvements to old existing machines., Article, 信州大学農学部演習林報告 38: 1-60(2002)},
 pages = {1--60},
 title = {高性能林業機械の効果的運用法の検討},
 volume = {38},
 year = {2002}
}