@article{oai:soar-ir.repo.nii.ac.jp:00012218,
 author = {YASUDA,  HITOSHI},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {信州大学理学部紀要},
 month = {Oct},
 note = {The upper epidermal cells of certain cultivars of black roses, e.g. Charles Mallerin, Josephine Bruce, Bonne Nuit and so on, occasionally hold in the cell vacuoles massive structures colored purple or purplish-red. It was observed histochemically that these massive structures showed a color change from either purplish-red or from purple to red with dilute hydrochloric acid and to bluish purple with a weak solution of sodium hydroxide. From these results the massive structure found in the red rose petals can be regarded as the insoluble state of anthocyanin. In the surface view of those petals having these massive structures in their upper epidermal cells, the numerous black spots, which are considered to be shadows of epidermal cells, are visible even in petals whose height/width ratio of the upper epidermal cells are within the range of the red petal ones. It can therefore be said that the insoluble state of anthocyanin present in the red rose petals may play an important role in the blackening effect on the petal color., Article, 信州大学理学部紀要 9(1): 63-69(1974)},
 pages = {63--69},
 title = {Studies on the Insoluble States of Anthocyanin in Rose Petals, I. : The Insoluble State of Anthocyanin and its Relationship to Petal Color, together with a new Instance of this Relationship},
 volume = {9},
 year = {1974}
}