{"created":"2021-03-01T06:20:43.660393+00:00","id":17666,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"5117c6de-a902-4a67-a9bc-0b8ddbf7ac5a"},"_deposit":{"id":"17666","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"17666"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:soar-ir.repo.nii.ac.jp:00017666","sets":["1702:1731:1732"]},"author_link":["49557"],"item_10_biblio_info_6":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1977-02-28","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"184","bibliographicPageStart":"171","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"11","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"信州大学教養部紀要. 第一部, 人文科学"}]}]},"item_10_description_20":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"According to Otto Jespersen \"an assertion about a whole species or class can be  made by means of every, any, or all with the plural. Very often however, the  generic character is not thus expressly indicated, but implied, and curiously enough language for that purpose uses now the singular, now the plural, now a  definite and now an indefinite form, as will be seen in the following synopsis:  (1) the singular without any article: man is mortal;  (2) the singular with the indefinite article: a cat has nine lives;  (3) the singular with the definite article: the dog is vigilant;  (4) the plural without any article: dogs are vigilant;  (5) the plural with the definite article: the English are fond of  out-door  sports;\"    In this paper I have picked up (4) and (5) in particular and tried to compare one    with the other especially in terms of the language   situations   in  which  one  of    them is used but not the other.    Now it is very important for users of English to be sure what kind of words  are to be combined with the definite article to mean 'the whole body of....' However, it is no less important to know in what language situations (4) or (5) is to be  used. For example, it is perfectly all right to say, \"Lions are the king of the  beasts,\" meaning lions as a whole species but it would be better to say the lions  when we try to describe lions scientifically.    Take a look at the following quotation from The New York Times; \"Any day  now the flickers will be gathering in restless flocks, preparing to migrate. Goldfinches already are ripping thistle heads apart.\" As to the flickers ready to fly away  at the end of the season it is very easy to conceive of them as one group moving  together. On the contrary goldfinches are not moving in one group like flickers. In   these circumstances the flickers is used but the author does not write the goldfinches   because he is not considering their activity as a group effort. However we must   be well aware that in some other language situations the flickers do not mean the   whole body of the species but only its particular members.  So when we are to use plural nouns to denote \"the whole body of....\" we must   be sure of what contexts or situations require the definite article and what do not.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10_description_30":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ（コンテンツの種類）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Article","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10_description_5":{"attribute_name":"引用","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"信州大学教養部紀要. 第一部, 人文科学 11: 171-184(1977)","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10_publisher_4":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"信州大学教養部"}]},"item_10_source_id_35":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0583-0605","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_10_source_id_40":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00121159","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_1627890569677":{"attribute_name":"出版タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"渡辺,  時夫","creatorNameLang":"ja"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2015-09-28"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"Liberal_arts_H11-11.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"725.9 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"Liberal_arts_H11-11.pdf","url":"https://soar-ir.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/17666/files/Liberal_arts_H11-11.pdf"},"version_id":"fe1a4440-65f6-4ccd-b482-4dc65d365593"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"総称定冠詞の用法と LANGUAGE SITUATIONS：複数名刺との結びつきを中心に","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"総称定冠詞の用法と LANGUAGE SITUATIONS：複数名刺との結びつきを中心に","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"Generic Uses of the Definite Article in Connection with Different Language Situations: with Particular Emphasis on Plural Nouns with and without the Definite Article","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10","owner":"1","path":["1732"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2010-02-12"},"publish_date":"2010-02-12","publish_status":"0","recid":"17666","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["総称定冠詞の用法と LANGUAGE SITUATIONS：複数名刺との結びつきを中心に"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-03-31T05:29:28.908854+00:00"}