@article{oai:soar-ir.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003914,
 author = {Sawashita,  Jinko and Onitsuka,  Sayaka and Gen-no,  Hirokazu and Ishikawa,  Shinobu and Iino,  Fumie and Tateishi,  Norihiko and Murakami,  Takeo and Seki,  Yoichi and Nagaiwa,  Toshiyuki and Hanaoka,  Masaaki and Hama,  Sumio and Nose,  Hiroshi and Higuchi,  Keiichi},
 issue = {10},
 journal = {EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY},
 month = {Oct},
 note = {We investigated whether a combination of mild calorie restriction (MCR) and high-intensity interval walking (HIW) improved physical fitness more than HIW alone in middle-aged and older overweight Japanese (40-69 years old, BMI >= 23.6 kg/m(2)). Forty-seven women and 16 men were divided into MCR + HIW and HIW groups. All subjects performed HIW: >= 5 sets of 3-min low-intensity walking (40% peak aerobic capacity for walking, VO2peak) and 3-min high-intensity walking (>= 70% VO2peak) per day, >= 4 days per week, for 16 weeks while energy expenditure was monitored with a tri-axial accelerometer. The MCR + HIW group consumed meal replacement formula (240 kcal): a mixture of low-carbohydrates and -fat and high-protein, for either lunch or dinner everyday and therefore, had similar to 87% of the energy intake of the HIW group during the intervention period. Although the HIW group showed improvements in BMI, blood pressure, and several blood chemicals, the MCR + HIW group had greater improvement. Moreover, the medical expenditure for the 6 months including the intervention period was 59% lower in the MCR + HIW group than in the HIW group. Our strategy of a short-term combination of MCR and HIW may thus prevent lifestyle-associated diseases and improve health in middle-aged and older overweight Japanese., Article, EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY. 44(10):666-675 (2009)},
 pages = {666--675},
 title = {Effects of mild calorie restriction and high-intensity interval walking in middle-aged and older overweight Japanese},
 volume = {44},
 year = {2009}
}