{"created":"2021-03-01T06:05:12.892301+00:00","id":767,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"d6297718-7721-495c-8f73-0e88913a2121"},"_deposit":{"id":"767","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"767"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:soar-ir.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000767","sets":["40:42:65:69"]},"author_link":["1455"],"item_10_biblio_info_6":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2010-03-15","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"149","bibliographicPageStart":"135","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"44","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"人文科学論集. 文化コミュニケーション学科編"}]}]},"item_10_description_20":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"《牡丹燈記》是瞿佑《剪燈新話》中最有名的故事之一。女主角符麗卿帶著丫環金蓮上街時，金蓮手裡提著一個雙頭牡丹燈籠。這一對牡丹花意味著甚麼呢？我們可在瞿佑的詩集《香臺集》中找到揭開其秘密的鑰匙。這部詩集載有〈上官應制〉詩一首，描述初唐閨秀詩人上官婉兒與雙頭牡丹的關係。據說，御園裡開了一個雙頭牡丹，上官婉兒應唐高宗的要求寫了一首詩，她將這對罕見的花朵比作李唐王朝永垂不朽的吉祥物。孰料後來上官婉兒背叛了唐，自把雙頭牡丹變成不祥之物，真是啼笑皆非！由此可知雙頭牡丹既是吉利物又有不祥之兆的意思。從這首詩也可以看出瞿佑對上官婉兒的命運很同情，似乎在他心目中雙頭牡丹也象徵著上官婉兒這位女人。眾所週知，唐人喜愛牡丹，有關牡丹的種種套話也應運而生，其中一個就是解語花。這句話指的是楊貴妃，怎樣評價這位絕代佳人才好呢？這雖然很難說，毀譽參半，但她也算得上是一位悲劇的女主人公吧。總之，拿牡丹比作人並不稀罕，並且牡丹的含意很深刻，怪不得瞿佑給作品起名為《牡丹燈記》。上官婉兒和符麗卿有一個共同點，即她們的一輩子都是志與願違的。筆者認為志和願之閒的這種矛盾，也表現在雙頭牡丹的兩朵花上。雖然乍看《牡丹燈記》故事，瞿佑對符麗卿不以為然，其實從整個《剪燈新話》來說，我們了解到瞿佑對符麗卿那樣由於戰亂遭到不幸的婦女寄與同情。不但如此，瞿佑好像看透了封建社會如何欺負女人，他的觀點是比較進步的。因此筆者認為雙頭牡丹把上官婉兒和符麗卿兩個女性關係到一起也不足為奇。湯顯祖《牡丹亭還魂記》為甚麼要突出牡丹呢？雖然才子佳人在後花園裡談戀愛乃司空見慣，而未婚的妙齡女郎常把春天將要結束時才開的牡丹花比作自身，也不足以見怪，但是我們還需要進一步探討。因為這場戲有藍本《杜麗娘記》，其中之關鍵並不是牡丹，而是梅花、柳樹和人鬼成歡，這些因素到了《牡丹亭》裡卻不怎麼顯眼了。那麼，湯顯祖為甚麼把這個沉湎於情欲的人鬼戀故事改寫為一個富有浪漫色彩的戀愛傳奇呢？其實牡丹花和鬼的關係不淺，難怪俗話說：“牡丹花下死，做鬼也風流”，雖然這句話本來是諷刺那些非過牡丹癮不可的人。不僅如此，我們知道有一個故事恰好描寫了牡丹和鬼的故事，那就是剛才提到過的《牡丹燈記》。筆者認為湯顯祖受到《牡丹燈記》的啟發後才能夠對《杜麗娘記》進行大膽的改變，《牡丹亭還魂記》的杜麗娘是為符麗卿祈冥福而重新造型的。　　湯顯祖的眼光不會忽視上面討論過的那些《牡丹燈記》裡忽隱忽顯的的內涵，這位大文學家也應該同情符麗卿以及所有被世運玩弄的婦女，他又一定會欣賞瞿佑創作《牡丹燈記》這種佳作的本領，因此湯顯祖改寫《杜麗娘記》時便把牡丹花引進到裡面，代替梅花加以強調，既表示對符麗卿的哀悼，又表示對瞿佑的敬意。按《牡丹亭》的藍本應該不是話本小說《杜麗娘慕色還魂》，而是文言小說《杜麗娘記》。關於這件事，筆者同意中國專家向志柱先生最近發表的所見。此外《剪燈新話》雖然在明代是一本禁書，不過《牡丹燈記》又見於《稗家粹編》、余公仁本《燕居筆記》以及《剪燈叢話》等書，可見湯顯祖看到《牡丹燈記》的機會到處都有。《剪燈叢話題辭》的作者虞淳熙和湯顯祖一樣是萬曆癸未（1583）進士，這種情況也值得注意。以上所見，如有助於探索整個明代文學與情之關係，聊以為幸。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10_description_30":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ（コンテンツの種類）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Article","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10_description_5":{"attribute_name":"引用","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"人文科学論集. 文化コミュニケーション学科編 44: 135-149(2010)","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10_link_3":{"attribute_name":"信州大学研究者総覧へのリンク","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_link_text":"氏岡, 真士","subitem_link_url":"http://soar-rd.shinshu-u.ac.jp/profile/ja.OFfVPUkF.html"}]},"item_10_publisher_4":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"信州大学人文学部"}]},"item_10_source_id_35":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"1342-2790","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_10_source_id_40":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN10523705","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_1627890569677":{"attribute_name":"出版タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"氏岡,  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