{"_buckets": {"deposit": "93434cfe-fb9e-427d-a5f0-1bb8811c762b"}, "_deposit": {"id": "17698", "owners": [], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "17698"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:soar-ir.repo.nii.ac.jp:00017698"}, "item_10_alternative_title_1": {"attribute_name": "\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\uff08\u5225\u8a00\u8a9e\u7b49\uff09\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_alternative_title": "Hawthorne\u0027s \"The Great Stone Face\" Reconsidered from Kierkegaard\u0027s Point of View"}]}, "item_10_biblio_info_6": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"bibliographicIssueDates": {"bibliographicIssueDate": "1974-03-15", "bibliographicIssueDateType": "Issued"}, "bibliographicPageEnd": "95", "bibliographicPageStart": "85", "bibliographicVolumeNumber": "8", "bibliographic_titles": [{"bibliographic_title": "\u4fe1\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u990a\u90e8\u7d00\u8981. \u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8, \u4eba\u6587\u79d1\u5b66"}]}]}, "item_10_description_20": {"attribute_name": "\u6284\u9332", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "Modern critics are inclined to identify Hawthorne\u0027s allegorical expressions with his rigid character and his way of living in seclusion. So, to quote Rene Wellek\u0027s phrase, he seems to be \"inferior to Melville\", because of his inveterate love of allegory. But Wellek doesn\u0027t agree with such prevalent opinions, nor Hyatt Waggoner either. Besides, if we take notice of Yvor Winters\u0027s remark that the reason why Hawthorne loved allegory was because he lived in the age when \"the Puritan view of life was allegorical\", and that \"in the setting which he chose, allegory was realism, the idea was life itself\", it is very natural that Hawthorne\u0027s allegorical expressions should be reconsidered from another point of view. The question resolves itself into one of the most important, prsent-day thinkings. What I am going to reason is about the marvellous resemblance between Hawthorne\u0027s calm, puritanic way of thinking and Kierkegaard\u0027s combative, puritanic way of thinking. If I take a superficial view of things, their modes of thinking and living seem contrary enough, but at the very core I can\u0027t help admitting that they are the same. Maybe I had better ask for Waggoner\u0027s assitance, because it was Waggoner himself that first compared Hawthorne\u0027s thought with Kierkegaard\u0027s. But could both Hawthorne and Kierkeggard be defined as \u0027thinkers\u0027 in the true sense of the word? As W. H. Auden observed that Kierkegaard was a preacher, so was \u0027Ernest\u0027 in Hawthorne\u0027s \"The Great Stone Face. \", Yes, they were the preachers, who could not be contented with their being mere \u0027Christians.\u0027 They were the Christians sunk in the depth of despair, always looking for the God in the celestial world. Now the reader may well comprehend my intention. The thesis I am gong to deal with is the relation between Kierkegaard\u0027s thinkings on almost every book and Hawthorne\u0027s thinkings in one short story. Kierkegaard\u0027s books are divided into three major categories, almost all of them are written under the shelter of anonymity. For example, \u0027Johannes Anti-Climacus\u0027 is a very artificial anonymity, and it must be remembered that this anonymous expression means \u0027a very honest one who eagerly wants to be a real Christian\u0027. So what \u0027Johannes Anti-Climacus\u0027 in Kierkegaard\u0027s works means and what \u0027Ernest\u0027 means in Hawthorne\u0027s \"The Great Stone Face\" come to the same thing. That is to say; Mr. Gathergold and Scattercopper might belong to the field of aesthetic anonymity; Old Blood-and-Thunder, the Rev. Dr. Battleblast and Old Stony Phiz to the ethical anonymity; the poet, Ernest and the Great Stone Face to the religious anonymity. So I conclude as follows : anonymous expressions in Kierkegaard\u0027s works or allegorical expressions in Hawthorne\u0027s \"The Great Stone Face\" have the same existential import. Let me forgive to quote Auden\u0027s words in conclusion : \"To both the aesthetic and the ethical religion, evil was a lack of relation to God, due in the one case to the God\u0027s will, in the other to man\u0027s ignorance; to the revealed religion, evil is sin, that is to say, the rebellion of man\u0027s will against the relation.\" Thus we can\u0027t be too exaggerative in emphasizing the importance of Hawthorne\u0027s allegorical expressions. 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