{"_buckets": {"deposit": "2638485b-56d1-4a41-9112-8fb8e7d3ad9d"}, "_deposit": {"id": "13424", "owners": [], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "13424"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:soar-ir.repo.nii.ac.jp:00013424", "sets": ["1310"]}, "author_link": ["40847", "40848", "40849", "40850", "40851", "40852"], "item_1628147817048": {"attribute_name": "出版タイプ", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_version_resource": "http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85", "subitem_version_type": "VoR"}]}, "item_6_biblio_info_6": {"attribute_name": "書誌情報", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"bibliographicIssueDates": {"bibliographicIssueDate": "2012-02-15", "bibliographicIssueDateType": "Issued"}, "bibliographicIssueNumber": "4", "bibliographicVolumeNumber": "111", "bibliographic_titles": [{"bibliographic_title": "JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS"}]}]}, "item_6_description_20": {"attribute_name": "抄録", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "This research deals with detailed analyses of silica and lignin distribution in horsetail with special reference to mechanical strength. Scanning electron images of a cross-section of an internode showed silica deposited densely only around the outer epidermis. Detailed histochemical analyses of lignin showed no lignin deposition in the silica-rich outer internodes of horsetail, while a characteristic lignin deposition was noticed in the vascular bundle in inner side of internodes. To analyze the structure of horsetail from a mechanical viewpoint, we calculated the response of a model structure of horsetail to a mechanical force applied perpendicularly to the long axis by a finite element method. We found that silica distributed in the outer epidermis may play the major structural role, with lignin\u0027s role being limited ensuring that the vascular bundle keep waterproof. These results were in contrast to more modern tall trees like gymnosperms, for which lignin provides mechanical strength. Lignin has the advantage of sticking to cellulose, hemicellulose, and other materials. Such properties make it possible for plants containing lignin to branch. Branching of tree stems aids in competing for light and other atmospheric resources. This type of branching was impossible for ancient horsetails, which relied on the physical properties of silica. From the evolutional view points, over millennia in trees with high lignin content, true branching, and many chlorophyll-containing leaves developed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3688253]", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}]}, "item_6_description_30": {"attribute_name": "資源タイプ（コンテンツの種類）", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "Article", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_6_description_5": {"attribute_name": "引用", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS. 111(4):044703 (2012)", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_6_link_67": {"attribute_name": "WoS", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_link_text": "Web of Science", "subitem_link_url": "http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?\u0026GWVersion=2\u0026SrcAuth=ShinshuUniv\u0026SrcApp=ShinshuUniv\u0026DestLinkType=FullRecord\u0026DestApp=WOS\u0026KeyUT=000300948600122"}]}, "item_6_publisher_4": {"attribute_name": "出版者", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_publisher": "AMER INST PHYSICS"}]}, "item_6_relation_48": {"attribute_name": "DOI", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_relation_name": [{"subitem_relation_name_text": "10.1063/1.3688253"}], "subitem_relation_type_id": {"subitem_relation_type_id_text": "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3688253", "subitem_relation_type_select": "DOI"}}]}, "item_6_rights_62": {"attribute_name": "権利", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_rights": "Copyright © 2012 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. along with the following message: The following article appeared in J. Appl. Phys. 111, 044703 (2012) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3688253 ."}]}, "item_6_select_64": {"attribute_name": "著者版フラグ", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_select_item": "publisher"}]}, "item_6_source_id_35": {"attribute_name": "ISSN", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "0021-8979", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_6_source_id_39": {"attribute_name": "NII ISSN", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "0021-8979", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_6_source_id_40": {"attribute_name": "書誌レコードID", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "AA00693547", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "NCID"}]}, "item_6_text_70": {"attribute_name": "wosonly keywords", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "CELL-WALL; ARVENSE; ULTRASTRUCTURE; SPHENOPSIDS; DEPOSITION; EVOLUTION; ANATOMY; PLANTS; WOOD"}]}, "item_6_textarea_68": {"attribute_name": "wosonly abstract", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_textarea_value": "This research deals with detailed analyses of silica and lignin distribution in horsetail with special reference to mechanical strength. Scanning electron images of a cross-section of an internode showed silica deposited densely only around the outer epidermis. Detailed histochemical analyses of lignin showed no lignin deposition in the silica-rich outer internodes of horsetail, while a characteristic lignin deposition was noticed in the vascular bundle in inner side of internodes. To analyze the structure of horsetail from a mechanical viewpoint, we calculated the response of a model structure of horsetail to a mechanical force applied perpendicularly to the long axis by a finite element method. We found that silica distributed in the outer epidermis may play the major structural role, with lignin\u0027s role being limited ensuring that the vascular bundle keep waterproof. These results were in contrast to more modern tall trees like gymnosperms, for which lignin provides mechanical strength. Lignin has the advantage of sticking to cellulose, hemicellulose, and other materials. Such properties make it possible for plants containing lignin to branch. Branching of tree stems aids in competing for light and other atmospheric resources. This type of branching was impossible for ancient horsetails, which relied on the physical properties of silica. From the evolutional view points, over millennia in trees with high lignin content, true branching, and many chlorophyll-containing leaves developed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. 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